CCS refers to the process of capturing CO2 generated by heavy industry and other sources, preventing it from being released into the atmosphere, and transporting and storing it in a location (underground) that has minimal impact on the global environment. When injecting CO₂ into geological formations, the CO₂ needs to be pressurized. Deep underground, there is high resistance pressure, so extremely high pressure is required to inject CO₂ there.
To increase the pressure of CO₂, a compressor, a rotating machine that compresses gas, is used. This machine is essential for pressurizing the captured CO₂ into a "supercritical fluid," which has properties intermediate between a liquid and a gas and exceeds its critical point (a pressure of approximately 7.4 MPa and a temperature of approximately 31°C). In addition, in underground storage of CO2, which is in a high-pressure supercritical state, in addition to compressors, pumps, which are machines that further increase the pressure of the supercritical fluid, are also effective.